One way players can increase their blackjack return is by splitting pairs into two hands. There are proper times to split. It often depends on the dealer’s up card. Some pairs should never be split. Others should be split often, and in some cases, always.
Splitting sometimes depends on the number of decks used. In a few cases, the dealer hitting or standing on soft 17 affects the best blackjack split strategy. In one case, the surrender rule overrides when to split when it is available.
The number of splits allowed depends on the casino. Most permit it three times for up to four hands. Some only allow one or two splits. Video versions of the game tend to only allow one split, while live tables usually permit two or three.
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Splitting aces
Aces should be split against any dealer card. However, there are special house rules that normally apply. Split aces usually only receive one card. The new hand cannot be hit or doubled in most games. However, some high-limit blackjack games allow aces to be split again if the new hand draws an ace.
Some blackjack games have special rules that allow players to hit split aces. Examples include Spanish 21, Super Fun 21, and Most Liberal 21. These games have other bad rules to offset this. Spanish 21 takes all the 10s out of the deck, leaving only jack, queens, and kings as 10-point cards. This lowers the number of blackjacks and successful double down attempts. Super Fun 21 and Most Liberal 21 pay even money on most blackjacks.
Never split these pairs
Two pairs should never be split in blackjack. Those are 5s and 10s. Most casinos allow all 10-value cards to be split. For example, a casino generally allows a jack and a king to be split into two hands. That is because it is a terrible play that increases the house advantage. Never split 20 unless you are a serious counter and understand the conditions.
The 5s situation is different. It should not be split because 10 is a great starting hand. A pair of 5s should be doubled against a 2 through 9 and hit against a 10 or ace.
Deuces
A pair of deuces is a good starting hand, especially against a low dealer card. This hand should be split against a 2 through 7. Otherwise, hit the hand.
Threes
Splitting 3s depends on the number of decks used. In single-deck games, 3s should be split against a 2 through 8. When two or more decks are in play, split 3s against a 2 through 7. In all other cases, hit.
Fours
Splitting 4s depends on the rules. If double down after splitting is not permitted, hit a pair of 4s, except in single deck where it should be split against a 5 or 6. If doubling down after splitting is allowed, split 4s against a 4, 5, or 6 at a single-deck game and against a 5 or 6 when more decks are used.
Sixes
When dealt a pair of 6s, split against a 2 to 7 in single and double-deck games. When more decks are used, split sixes against a 2 through 6. Otherwise, hit this 12.
Sevens
Splitting 7s depends on the number of decks used. Split 7s versus a dealer 2 to 8 in single-deck and double-deck games. When more decks are used, split 7s when the dealer has a 2 to 7.
Eights
Eights should always be split, with one exception. When the dealer shows an ace and hits a soft 17, 8s should be surrendered. In all other cases, 8s should be split.
Nines
In single-deck, split 9s, except against a 7 or 10. When more decks are used, split 9s, except against a 7, 10, or ace.
Electronic table games and online casinos
Unless the machine says otherwise, treat electronic table games and online casinos as a six-deck blackjack game. The rules often disclose the number of decks used. These games typically only allow pairs to be split once. Double down after splitting may not be offered. Always read the rules before playing.
Game King blackjack usually deals one deck, though some are two. The rules disclose which are used. Some operators set Game King machines to not allow any splits. The overall rules on these machines are often among the worst blackjack games around. These should be avoided, as US Casino Advantage previously covered.
Remember that nearly all blackjack games have a negative expectation. That means players may win over the short term but most lose over time. Play responsibly and within your bankroll.
